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When the time limit for ratification of the ERA ran out in 1982, Phyllis Schlafly and her followers celebrated the defeat of a central feminist objective
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For the first time in its history, the party took an explicitly antifeminist tone, opposing both the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) and abortion rights, key goals of women's rights activists. A signal achievement of the New Right was capturing the Republican Party's position on women's rights. Reagan blamed environmental laws for the nation's sluggish economic growth and targeted them for deregulation. Reagan promised that the economy would grow so much that the government would recoup the lost taxes, but instead it incurred a galloping deficit. To justify tax cuts in the face of a large budget deficit, Reagan relied on a new theory called supply-side economics, which held that cutting taxes would actually increase revenue by enabling businesses to expand, encouraging individuals to work harder because they could keep more of their earnings (especially the wealthy, who enjoyed the greatest tax savings), and increase the production of goods and services-the supply-which in turn would boost demand. Reagan's first domestic objective was a massive tax cut. Average personal income did rise during his tenure, but the trend toward greater economic inequality that had begun in the 1970s intensified in the 1980s, encouraged in part by his tax policies. In keeping with conservative philosophy, Reagan adhered to trickle-down economics, insisting that the benefits of a booming economy would trickle down to everyone. "In the present crisis," Reagan declared, "government is not the solution to our problem government is the problem."
#And yet it moves carter free
Instead, his major achievements fulfilled goals of the older right-strengthening the nation's anti-Communist posture and reducing taxes and government restraints on free enterprise. Reagan spoke for the Christian Right on such issues as abortion and school prayer, but he did not push hard for so-called moral policies. These talks led to the Camp David accords, whereby Egypt became the first Arab state to recognize Israel, and Israel agreed to gradual withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula, which it had seized in the 1967 Six-Day War In 1979, Carter invited Sadat and Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin to Camp David, Maryland, where he applied his tenacious diplomacy for thirteen days.
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Seeking to promote peace in the Middle East, Carter seized on the courage of Egyptian president Anwar Sadat, the first Arab leader to risk his political career by talking directly with Israeli officials. Yet in other instances, Carter sacrificed human rights ideals to strategic and security considerations, invoking no sanctions against repressive governments in Iran, South Korea, and the Philippines. The Carter administration applied economic pressure on governments that denied their citizens basic rights, refusing aid or trading privileges to nations such as Chile and El Salvador, as well as to the white minority governments of Rhodesia and South Africa.
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Human rights formed the cornerstone of his approach. His outsider status helped him win the election but left him without strong ties to party leaders in Congress. Although Carter did fulfill liberals' desire to make government more inclusive by appointing unprecedented numbers of women and minorities to cabinet, judicial, and diplomatic posts, a number of factors thwarted Carter's policy goals. "We've had all we can take of judicial interference with local schools," Phyllis Schlafly railed in 1972 After courts began to order the transfer of students between schools in white and black neighborhoods to achieve desegregation, busing became a hot-button issue. In northern and western cities, where segregation resulted from discrimination in housing and in the drawing of school district boundaries, half of all African American children attended nearly all-black schools. Nixon reluctantly enforced court orders to achieve high degrees of integration in southern schools, but he resisted efforts to deal with segregation outside the South. As president, he used this "southern strategy" to make further inroads into traditional Democratic strongholds in the 1972 election. Highlighting law and order in his 1968 presidential campaign, Nixon appealed to "forgotten Americans, those who did not indulge in violence, those who did not break the law." He also exploited hostility to black protest and new civil rights policies to woo white southerners and a considerable number of northern voters away from the Democratic Party.